Tuesday, December 30, 2025

2025: In Reads

Presenting the reading list from 2025. It’s a round dozen from the BookMarks listed in chronological order of reading.

1. The Fine Art of Small Talk - Debra Fine (1997): A book targeting the introverts to help them make conversation! Basically an extended book version of a Ted Talk content!

2. Robinson Crusoe - Daniel Defoe (1719): An old classic revisited but in it original form. The story of a man who gets shipwrecked and stranded alone on a remote island and then begins to build his own little world there till his return home after a two decade incarceration and then subsequent adventures.
A heavy duty read in its original 18th century language form. Also, many of the beliefs will not stand the test of modern times.

3. The Beekeeper of Aleppo - Christy Lefteri (2019): A Syrian family’s harrowing journey of escape from the war and reaching asylum in the UK. And it is not just the physical struggles but also the mental battles being fought by the protagonists as they build their own illusions to escape the harsh reality around themselves.
A sad but engaging tale!

4. Corporate Chanakya on Leadership - Radhakrishna Pillai (2012): An attempt to incorporate the learnings from Chanakya’s Arthshashtra into contemporary corporate leadership.

5. Bhagavad Gita for Millennials - Bibek Debroy (2020): An introduction to the Bhagavad Gita. It is is not a direct interpretation but more of a commentary conveying its key messages.
The messaging at times goes all over the place but more of how to read the Bhagavad Gita.

6. 1962 - The War That Wasn't - Shiv Kunal Verma (2020): The story of how the India-China war/conflict of 1962 was lost, not on the battlefield itself, but much before through a combination of blind belief, lack of planning, poor co-ordination, and sheer incompetence of some of those in the command.

7. How the World Really Works - Vaclav Smil (2022): “We have never had so much information at our fingertips and yet most of us don't know how the world really works.” This is the premise with which the book the fundamentals of how our world really works and offers a glimpse of what the future holds.

8. The Indian Spy - Mihir Bose (2017): The story of a man called Silver, who managed to spy for multiple countries while operating out of Kabul during the 2nd World War and also aided in Netaji’s escape from India.
Quite a fascinating story but is mostly based on a book by Ram Talwar a.k.a Silver himself. A line which stood out - ‘It is impossible, or at any rate, highly dangerous, to tell a lie until you know what the truth is going to be.’

9. Predictably Irrational - Dan Ariely (2008): A book on the study of human decision making. How most of our decision-making is predictable and can be influenced. And even decisions which may seem irrational and random have common guiding forces.
Quite an engaging read into Human behaviour

10. Liar's Poker - Michael Lewis (1989): The story of Michael Lewis and his employer the Wall Street Firm, Salomon Brothers. Set in the 1980s, the book presents an insider account of some of the most turbulent and storied times in the financial markets.
The story also sets the foundations for the Global Financial Crisis of 2008. No wonder it is a recommended B-School read.

11. The Past As Present - Romila Thapar (2014): A collection of essays on the study of history, how it has evolved, and how it is being interpreted in present times and by different groups. The key message – History is a dialogue between the past and the present.

12. The Answer Is No - Fredrick Backman (2024): A short funny tale, originally published in Swedish, about a man whose quiet and happy life is suddenly disrupted by seemingly innocuous events nearby. Fun to read, yet provides a lot of insights into that basic human quest – the pursuit of happiness.

In addition, I read my first ever Tintin comic books (3 of them). However, the very first one was “Tintin in the Congo”, in which personally found the depiction of the African natives to be heavily racist! Also learnt that this particular comic has been moved from the Children’s section to the Graphic novels section in bookstores due to this very reason. There was the first Roald Dahl as well.

And an audiobook as well, but won't call it reading.

In summary, books across genres – self-help, classics, fiction, management, history, science, behavioral economics, financial markets, humor, children books, comics.

Overall, could have and should have read more, but not a complete dearth! The reading pace wasn't a gallop but more of a canter.

Wishing a Happy New Year 2026 to all fellow Readers!

Monday, December 22, 2025

2025 - TYIL

The more I learn, the more I realise that I know nothing

As the year 2025 AD winds down its time to draw up a list of some totally irrelevant things which I learnt during its course (or rather remembered to list).
  1. 1st January 2025 – marks the arrival of Gen Beta [Wikipedia]
  2. Haj Notes: Special notes issued by RBI but valid as legal tender only in the Gulf Nations of UAE, Qatar, Bahrain, Kuwait, and Oman [DNA
  3. Jolly Grant Airport (Dehradun) gets it name from the “Grant” of the village Jauli (anglicized to Jolly) to the British by Nepal.
  4. Sygyzy: Literally a case of heavenly bodies aligning [Wikipedia
  5. Octothorpe the official name for the hashtag symbol (#) [Merriam-Webster
  6. Ramanujam Summation: The sum of natural numbers – 1+2+3+4….+ till infinity is -1/12. Unbelievable as it may sound, it is derivable! [Link
  7. Jevons Paradox: when technological advancements make a resource more efficient to use (thereby reducing the amount needed for a single application); the cost of using the resource drops, and hence the overall demand increases causing total resource consumption to rise. [Wikipedia
  8. Faulty (English) & Faltu (Hindi) have the same etymological root – Falto (Portuguese) [Wiktionary
  9. Ulaanbaatar (capital of Mongolia) means “Red Hero”, in honour of the Russian help in getting Mongolia’s independence. [Britannica
  10. Belphegor’s Prime Number: a palindromic prime number 1000000000000066600000000000001, named after Belphegor, one of the seven princes of Hell, due to the superstitious significance of the number 666 and the surrounding 13 zeros [Wikipedia
  11. Caissan Constant: the number of legal chess positions. And Caissan is the Goddess of Chess [Link
  12. The province of Luxembourg in Belgium is larger in area than the neighboring country of Luxembourg with which it shares its name! [Wikipedia
  13. Pentagon Pizza Index: A surge in pizza orders near Pentagon signals that an attack is imminent in some part of the world [Economic Times] and there is a dedicated Twitter account for tracking the pizza orders [Twitter
  14. Alan Smithee: the pseudonym adopted for director’s credit in a movie whose actual director does not want their name associated with it. Turns out Alan Smithee is the most prolific director in movie history! [IMDB
  15. Sneakers are named so because they can quietly move around unlike the leather shoes of those times
  16. Philip Noel-Baker: only person till date to win the Nobel Prize (Peace, 1959) and an Olympics medal (1,500 m Silver in 1920) [Wikipedia]
  17. The ubiquitous CAPTCHA is an acronym for Completely Automated Public Turing test to tell Computers and Humans Apart [Link]
  18. Euler’s Identity – also referred to as the most beautiful mathematics equation [YouTube]
Another short list this year, but it is 1 Trivia longer than last year's [so definitely an improvement.#LittleWins]

P.S. Lists from 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022, 2023 & 2024

Wednesday, November 12, 2025

BookMarks #133: The Answer Is No

Genre: Fiction, Short
Published: 2024

BookMarks
"The Answer Is No", is a short book, originally published in Swedish. It is the story of Lucas, a loner living in an apartment, whose quiet and happy life is suddenly disrupted by seemingly innocuous events nearby.

The entire first chapter comprises of “It’s a frying pan that ruins Lucas’s life. We’ll get to that.” And this is when you realize what a hilarious roller-coaster ride this story is going to be. And yet it provides some great gems with quite deep meaning as we go along. Such as
  • People aren’t supposed to be happy, they’re only supposed to want to be happy.
  • All he did was to remove the one thing that makes almost all people unhappy: other people.
  • Being smart is the worst thing one can be in modern society. All it ever means is more work.
  • A funny thing about rule-loving people is that to them it seems more important to impose punishment than it is to actually solve problems, and a funny thing about rule-breaking people is that they seem to find breaking rules a lot easier to do if someone else has broken them first.
  • “Responsibility” and “Commitment” are actually two of the easiest ways of ruining any perfectly good day.
  • With the defeated manner of a sausage that dressed itself up as a carrot to avoid being eaten by a bear, only to be found by a rabbit.
  • The truth about problems is that the problem itself is never actually the problem. It’s always the people involved who are the problem.
  • Most people who want to be happy try to add things to their lives. But really what maybe they should be doing is taking something away.
  • The easiest way to be happy is to think about time in about eight-hour increments, and to always have something to look forward to at the end of those hours
  • Don’t look on the internet for someone who is exactly like you. Look for someone who isn’t.
  • If you ask people what they think, they start thinking, and that’s how wars start.
  • One day you’re a happy, whole person, and the next day you’re forced into the most horrible thing on earth: making decisions.
That’s quite a lot of deep insights into that basic human quest – the pursuit of happiness.

Previously on BookMarks: The Past As Present 

Tuesday, November 11, 2025

BookMarks #132: The Past As Present

Title: The Past As Present: Forging Contemporary Identities Through History
Genre: Non-Fiction, History, Anthology
Published: 2014

BookMarks
History is a dialogue between the past and the present.

“The Past As Present” is a collection of essays by Romila Thapar on the study of history, how it has evolved, and how it is being interpreted in the present times and by different groups of people. The essays also cover the interpretation of history in creating a national identity and how that it has evolved from kings and dates to the study of wider society at different points in time. From purely political, history has also become

Some of the key takes/notes from the book:

On the subject of history
  • The past is constructed by putting together a variety of evidence. All societies over the centuries have constructed their past, often in accordance with contemporary theories about the meaning of the past.
  • The past does not remain static. The facts may not change, although sometimes they do as a result of fresh information or new ways of analyzing old information, but the interpretation of these facts can change. History is not just a directory of information; it also involves analyzing and interpreting this information.
  • Knowledge does not consist of a body of information to be memorized and passed on. A modern education demands questioning, skepticism and an ability to think independently and to link information.
  • Tribe refers to a community of people claiming descent from a common ancestor.
On History of India
  • James Mill divided Indian history into the Hindu, Muslim and British periods, a periodization which is still the basis of Indian studies. Mill’s argument and that of many other colonial historians was that the Hindus and Muslims formed two distinct communities and that they were perpetually in conflict.
  • Nations need identities. These are created from perceptions of how societies have evolved. In this, history plays a central role.
  • Key function of nationalist history was to establish an Indian identity. This had to draw on the unity and uniformity of India throughout history.
On Civilization & Religion
  • The hallmark of a civilization is not its rigid boundaries but its porosity, and that civilizations can only thrive when there is an inter-connectedness between them that enhances the communication of ideas and practices.
  • Dharma became central to an understanding of the religion. It referred to the duties regarded as sacred which had to be performed in accordance with one’s varna/jati and sect and which were not identical for all. The constituents of dharma were conformity to ritual duties, to social obligations and to the social norms of family and caste as stipulated in the Dharmashastras.
On Interpretation of history
  • Life is not governed by an either/or choice in everything. There is always something else - the variant.
  • Collective memories have to be deliberately constructed by a group of people consciously referring back to a particular event and remembering it in a particular way.
  • Context is of central importance: who is narrating the story of the event and why; who constitutes the audience or the readership that the narrative is addressed to, and what is the purpose and meaning of the narrative.
  • What leads to problems is when the mythology associated with the history is claimed as history.
  • Epic literature cannot be precisely dated for events merge into events and narrative slowly gets welded with commentary.
  • In classical Sanskrit dramas, the women characters irrespective of whether their status was high or low, uniformly spoke the commonly used Prakrit, whilst the men spoke Sanskrit—the language of the educated.
Interestingly, the book was published in 2014. A decade down the line, the book’s interpretations seem more prescient. 

Previously on BookMarks: Liar’s Poker 

Monday, October 27, 2025

BookMarks #131: Liar’s Poker

Genre: Non-fiction, Autobiography, Economics, Financial Markets
Published: 1989

BookMarks
Liar’s Poker is the story of Michael Lewis and his employer, the Wall Street firm Salomon Brothers. The story switches from how Lewis joins the firm, followed by a history of the firm and finally Lewis’s own work till he quits. The book is set in the 1980’s which are some of the most turbulent times in the financial markets.

The book is one of the more recommended reads in management colleges mostly for its insider account of the goings on at investment banks. The title itself refers to a game played by the traders at the firms. (Investopedia

Overall, quite an interesting and fun read with its insider account of the goings on in the global big money market and investment banks. The picture it presents isn't the rosiest and it also foreshadows the Global Financial Crisis.

Some lines and messages which stood out from the book
  • Wall Street is a street with a river at one end and a graveyard at the other.
  • In every market there is a fool. And any player unaware of the fool in the market is probably the fool.
  • Good traders tend to do the unexpected. Their best work tends to go against conventional wisdom.
  • Market rule of thumb - Those who say, don't know and those who know, don't say. [Or as the saying goes – empty vessels make most noise].
  • Communications system sufficiently advanced and human relations sufficiently primitive. [This book was set in the 1980s, we have moved much further ahead/behind in the two in the past four decades].
  • In the stock market, the higher the math, take it as warning signal that the operator was trying to substitute theory for experience.
  • The 3-6-3 club - borrow at 3% lend at 6% and be at the golf course by 3 PM [for people who want to keep life simple]
  • I'm now convinced that the worst thing a man can do with a telephone, without breaking the law, is to call someone he doesn't know and try to sell that person something he doesn't want. [How precisely the author has predicted the spammers of today – who are mostly trying to sell financial products]
  • The reason why people believe in Charts - because everyone else does
  • God gave you eyes…Plagiarise.
  • On bonuses/raises - people react with relief, joy, anger or a mixture of three.
  • You don't get rich. You attain new levels of relative poverty.
  • Two ways of running a firm - as a business or as an empire?
  • The money game rewards disloyalty. People who hopped from firm to firm secured large pays and performed better financially than the people who stayed on one place.
Previously on BookMarks: Predictably Irrational 

Thursday, October 16, 2025

Road To Los Angeles: Episode 6

Back with the Episode 6 on the Road To Los Angeles 2028. The past few weeks have been quite happening on the sporting front with multiple World and Continental Championships going on across sports. Here is quick look at some of the goings on from an Indian perspective.

Badminton: The Men’s doubles duo of Satwik-Chirag won a Bronze medal, thus continuing India’s streak of one medal at the World Championships since 2011. A slight uptick from the Paris Olympics.

Hockey
Archery World Cup: The Compound Mixed Team won the Silver medal

Boxing World Championships: Jasmine Lamboria & Meenakshi Hooda are now World Champions while Nupur Sheoran won Silver and Pooja Rani got Bronze medal. However, there were no medals for the men’s contingent.

Wrestling World Championships: Antim Panghal won her second World Championships medal. However the rest of the contingent disappointed with Olympics medalist Aman Sehrawat failing to meet the weight which resulted in a one year suspension by the Wrestling Federation

Athletics World Championships: Sachin Yadav finished 4th in Javelin Throw and Sarvesh Kushare 6th in High Jump. However, the bigger story was Neeraj Chopra finishing 8th – thus missing a podium for the first time since 2018 and first time outperformed by an Indian thrower since 2016. What a phenomenal run this had been!

Cricket: An unbeaten run by Men’s Team to win the T20 Asia Cup.

Weightlifting World Championships: Mirabai Chanu wins Silver in 48 KG category, proving she is still very much the best lifter in the country.

Judo: Himanshi Tokas is now World Junior No. 1, the first Indian to achieve this ranking

At the Para-athletics World Championships hosted in Delhi, India recorded their best ever medal haul. But the event was also marred a little by stray dogs biting coaches!

Meanwhile India has successfully bid for the 2030 Commonwealth Games to be held in Ahmedabad.

That certainly has been quite a happening period for Indian Olympics sports Till next time!

Links
  • Episode 5 
  • Himashi Tokas: ESPN 
  • Paralympics Report: ESPN 

Wednesday, September 24, 2025

BookMarks #130: Predictably Irrational


Title
: Predictably Irrational: The hidden forces that shape our decisions
Author: Dan Ariely
Genre: Non-fiction, Behavioural Economics
Published: 2008

BookMarks
Predictably Irrational is a book on a study of human decision making. How most of our decision-making is predictable and can be influenced. And even decisions which may seem irrational and random have common guiding forces.

Following are a few takeaways from the book
  • Relativity: Everything is relative, all the choices we make are in comparison with something not chosen. Most people do not know what they want unless they see it in context. Marketing companies use a decoy, similar but obviously inferior, for selling the products they want to sell. We look at our decisions in a relative way and compare them to the available alternative. The more we have the more we want. And the only cure is to break the cycle of relativity.
  • Law of Human Action: to make a man covet something more, make it more inaccessible for him (Mark Twain in Tom Sawyer)
  • Anchor price decides what price we are willing to pay for any product
  • Free has a cost. Anything offered for FREE leads to heavily irrational decisions by the purchasers.
  • Social Norms vs Money Norms: People are at times more willing to do something for free or a gift than if they were to be offered money for it
  • We procrastinate, delay doing things we know we have to do. Choosing instant gratification over accomplishing something.
  • Ownership has a higher price - we overvalue what we have.
  • Options are a distraction
  • Expectations decide the actual realization
  • The pricier something is, more we believe in its efficacy
  • More close to actual cash, more honest humans become.
Overall, quite an interesting read. I liked the way the outcomes of the behavioural research have been presented. Probably, the entire book was an experiment in nudging towards enjoying it! After all, as the author says, we humans are predictably irrational. 

Previously on BookMarks: The Indian Spy 

Monday, September 22, 2025

BookMarks #129: The Indian Spy

Title: The Indian Spy: The true story of the most remarkable secret agent of World War II
Author: Mihir Bose
Genre: Non-Fiction, History, Biography
Published: 2017

BookMarks
‘The Man called Silver’
Hats off to a man who deceived everybody and survived the War without being hanged

This is the story of Bhagat Ram Talwar a.k.a. Silver, a Hindu Pathan, who managed to spy for multiple countries during the Second World War with his primary operations center being Kabul.

Bhagat Ram Talwar, helped Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose in escaping from India to Germany, with the help of the Italian & German embassies in Kabul. However, a communist, once Germany attacked Soviet Union, he switched over to the Russians and later on to Russia's allies, the British. Somewhere down the line he was also working with the Japanese – thus becoming a quintuple agent.

This work is primarily based on Mr. Talwar’s autobiography, with additional information from the declassified archives of the period. The book narrates quite an interesting picture of Silver and his associates, and how they went about their business of spying & double-crossing, forging new connections and switching allegiances.

Overall, quite an interesting read. Although the tale does meander around a bit and the reader may get confused in some of the characters and the multiple visits to Kabul. Given that the book’s primary source is Mr. Talwar’s autobiography, this is the picture he wanted to be presented to the world.

The book also provides an interesting perspective on Netaji and his actions during the World War II. The lens with which one judges who can be a potential ally is quite varied. And most importantly perspective changes with time and new re-alignments. Its not always a case of black and white. Instead there are many shades of grey here.

A line which stood out - ‘It is impossible, or at any rate, highly dangerous, to tell a lie until you know what the truth is going to be.’ 

Previously on BookMarks: How the World Really Works

Wednesday, September 03, 2025

BookMarks #128: How the World Really Works


Title
: How the World really Works: A Scientist’s Guide to Our Past, present and Future
Author: Vaclav Smil
Genre: Non-fiction, Science, Society, Future
Published: 2022

BookMarks
“We have never had so much information at our fingertips and yet most of us don't know how the world really works.” This is the premise of the book as it explains the seven fundamentals of how our world really works and offers a glimpse of what the future holds. Following are a few key messages from the book

The Four pillars of modern civilization - Ammonia, Steel, Concrete & Plastic

On progress - In two centuries, the human labor to produce a kilogram of American wheat was reduced from 10 minutes to less than two seconds. An average inhabitant of the Earth nowadays has at their disposal nearly 700 times more useful energy than their ancestors had at the beginning of the 19th century.

Energy conversions are the very basis of life and evolution. However, to quote Richard Feynman – “In physics today we have no knowledge of what energy is”. Energy Studies need understanding of physics, chemistry, biology, geology with history, social, economic and political factors.

Despite all the talk of decarbonization, the high relative share and the scale of our dependence on fossil carbon make any rapid substitutions impossible.

Haber-Bosch synthesis of Ammonia can be considered the most momentous technical advancement in the world. Fifty percent of humanity is dependent on ammonia as a fertilizer for food production.

Human activity with the largest impact on the Earth's ecosystem - food production. Overall, the world loses one third of the food supply. This is a significant area to manage.

Some Interesting Facts
  • A gear lever knob in the 1916 Rolls Royce was the first industrial application of plastics.
  • Portland cement is thus called because it resembles the limestone found in the Isle of Portland in the English Channel in colour.
  • KLM was the first airline company set up in 1921
Water is the most universally mismanaged resource

On models & extrapolations
When constructing long range scenarios, we can plug in any arbitrary assumptions in order to meet preconceived outcomes. History does not unfold as a computerized academic exercise with major achievements falling on years ending with zero or five. It is full of discontinuities and unpredictable departures.

Projections involving complex systems that reflect interplays of many technical, economic and environmental factors and which can be strongly affected by a number of arbitrary decisions such as unexpectedly generous government subsidies or new laws or policy referrals remain highly uncertain. Even near-term Outlook results in a broad range of possible outcomes.

More complex models combining the interactions of economic, social, technical and environmental factors require more assumptions and open the way for greater errors.

On scientific temper
De omnibus dubitandum (doubt everything) must remain the foundation of scientific method. Unlike what the average internet user who likes to believe in everything they see on social media.

On Future
Asking for a risk-free existence is to ask for something impossible. While the quest for minimizing risks remains the leading motivation of human progress. Crises expose realities and strip away obfuscation and misdirection.

The future, as ever, is not pre-determined. Its outcome depends on our actions. The most likely prospect is a mixture of progress and setbacks.

Overall, quite an interesting read. Also, it helps that the book is written in a post-Covid world. I especially liked the fact that the author has directly named and countered the utopian future ideas (Human 2.0 and colonizing Mars etc.) 

Previously on BookMarks: 1962 The War the Wasn’t

Friday, August 29, 2025

Road To LA: Episode 5

Today, August 29th, marks National Sports Day—and there's no better way to commemorate it than by examining India's ongoing journey toward the LA Olympics. While fans experience a rollercoaster of emotions watching the performances, imagine the journey for the sportspersons who persist despite administrative lapses and official apathy.

We are re in that familiar phase of the Olympic cycle: the surge from Paris 2024 has settled, while momentum for LA 2028 has yet to build. Meanwhile, competitions continue in relative quiet, away from the spotlight.

Here is a rundown of Indian sports in the last few months - the highs, the lows, and everything in between.

The Neeraj Chopra Phenomenon
When a second-place finish at the Diamond League finale barely registers as news, you know an athlete has truly transcended expectations. He has breached the 90m mark and maintained a remarkable four-year streak of top-two finishes globally. But perhaps his greatest achievement this year was launching the Neeraj Chopra Classic - tournament that could reshape India's athletics landscape.  Now comes the real test: can our sporting administration build on his foundation?

Athletics
Indian athletics is showing visible progress with National records tumbling frequently. Yet we remain decades behind in most events. The gap is closing, but slowly - progress that demands patience.

Football
Indian football presents a study in contrasts. The women's team has qualified for the next Asian Cup despite all the off-field challenges. Meanwhile, the men's team appears to be in free fall, compounded by uncertainty around the Indian Super League's future. With no clear path forward, the free fall looks set to continue.

Our Shooters and Archers continue their stellar run at World Cups, consistently bringing home medals and breaking records. Yet these performances need to translate into Olympic success. 

The inaugural Rugby Premier League marked an important milestone for a relatively nascent sport. While rugby's Olympic prospects remain distant, any step toward professionalization needs to be applauded.

Looking Ahead
Away from the cameras and commentary, Indian sports continues its relentless march forward. The LA 2028 event lineup is set, but qualification pathways are yet to announced. But the sporting journey continues.

Until next time.

Links:
  • Episode 4 
  • Rating India’s sporting Federations performance: ESPN